![]() Retrograde urethrography of each implant group at 3 m post-op revealed wide urethral calibers and preservation of organ continuity similar to pre-operative and urethrotomy controls with no evidence of contrast extravasation, strictures, fistulas, or stone formation. Animals in all groups exhibited 100% survival prior to scheduled euthanasia and achieved voluntary voiding following 7 d of initial catheterization. Parallel control groups consisted of animals receiving small intestinal submucosa (SIS) implants (Group 2, N = 4) or urethrotomy alone (Group 3, N = 3). Ventral onlay urethroplasty was performed with silk fibroin grafts (Group 1, N = 4) (Width×Length, 1×2 cm 2) in adult male rabbits for 3 m of implantation. A bi-layer silk fibroin matrix was fabricated by a solvent-casting/salt leaching process in combination with silk fibroin film casting to generate porous foams buttressed by homogeneous silk fibroin films. The techniques described here provide potential new applications for the recycling and utilization of sericin, which is a waste product of silk processing.Acellular scaffolds derived from Bombyx mori silk fibroin were investigated for their ability to support functional tissue regeneration in a rabbit model of urethra repair. Pes of SP composite scaffolds adapted to a variety of applications, including cells, drugs, tissues, etc. Thus, the SP bioinks obtained could be used to print different ty The L929 cells adhered, stretched, and proliferated well on the SP composite scaffold. The bovine insulin release rates reached 61% and 56% after 5 days. The swelling properties and resistance to protease hydrolysis of the SP scaffolds containing sericin were improved. The thermal decomposition temperatures of the SF/WS (10%) and SF/ILS (20%) scaffolds, mainly composed of a &beta:-sheet structures, were 3 °:C and 2 °:C higher than that of the SF scaffold alone, respectively. The compressive strength of the SF/ILS (20%) scaffold added to G-ILS was 45% higher than that of the SF scaffold alone. After adding I2959 (a photoinitiator), the SP bioinks were prepared with phosphate buffer (PBS) and subsequently bioprinted into various SP scaffolds with a 3D network structure. When the three silk proteins (SPs) were individually grafted with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), three grafted silk proteins (G-SF, G-WS, G-ILS) were obtained. The inner layers of sericin (ILS) were also prepared from the degummed silk in boiling water by 120 °:C water treatment. The whole sericin (WS) can not only be recycled, but completely degummed silk fibroin (SF) is also obtained in this process. This paper describes the use of silk protein, including fibroin and sericin, from an alkaline solution of Ca(OH)2 for the clean degumming of silk, which is neutralized by sulfuric acid to create calcium salt precipitation. The techniques described here provide potential new applications for the recycling and utilization of sericin, which is a waste product of silk processing. Thus, the SP bioinks obtained could be used to print different types of SP composite scaffolds adapted to a variety of applications, including cells, drugs, tissues, etc.
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